南宁苗圃园林植物寒冻害调查分析及预防对策

Investigation on Freezing and Cold Injuries of Landscape Plants and the Prevention Countermeasures in Nursery in Nanning City

本文以南宁市嘉和城苗圃为对象,通过对植物外部形态进行感观鉴定,对植物的叶、芽、枝、整株等的生长指标、组织褐变等进行观察,把园林植物受寒冻害程度划分为五个等级,然后根据等级评价标准,对2011年苗圃园林植物受寒冻害情况进行调查与数据收集分析。结果表明,持续低温给苗圃园林植物造成明显寒冻害,热带植物种类抗寒性差,受寒冻害严重,甚至整株死亡,多为IV-V级。合理选择植物品种、做好寒冻害来之前的防寒措施和植物受冻后的及时补救措施是避免园林植物大面积受寒冻害的关键措施。

The landscape plants in nursery of Genre Town in Nanning City were selected for the current study. According to the external form of plant, the landscape plants level by freezing and cold injury is divided into the grades I - V, the growth indices of leaf, bud, branch and whole plant, and tissue browning of plant were investigated under cold temperature by visual observation of external morphology in 2011. The main reasons responsible for the serious freezing and cold injury in landscape plants were identified as persistent low temperature and weak resistance and control strategies against cold temperatures. Cold resistance species selected are native plants and Domesticated alien plants. The selection of plant species suitable for resisting cold temperatures, prevention of freezing and cold injury and timely control measures for cold temperature caused damage have been suggested to avoid freezing and cold injuries in landscape plantations.