鲁镇、未庄与S城:鲁迅小说建构的文学世界——从越文化视野看鲁迅的《呐喊》与《彷徨》

Lu Town,Weizhuang and S City,a Literary World Constructed in Lu Xun' s Novels:A Reading of Lu Xun' s Screaming and Wandering in View of Yue Culture

在《呐喊》《彷徨》中,"鲁镇"、"未庄"、"S城"是以鲁迅的故乡绍兴为原型建构起来的一个充满浓郁的浙东水乡色彩的文学世界。鲁迅一方面揭示了闰土、阿Q、祥林嫂等越地底层农民在沉重的封建压迫下形成的精神病态,另一方面也力图去发掘他们追求解放的精神力量,从而开启与贯通了我们民族走向解放与新生的可能。由狂人、疯子、魏连殳等组成的知识分子形象系列——"狂人"形象谱系凸显了越地异端知识分子谱系的镜像。他们争取个性自由与解放的冲动延续了越地异端知识分子的精神血脉,同时又贯通了与底层民众的精神联系。他们致力于整个民族的觉醒与解放的愿望使他们在绝望中抗战而更加坚韧顽强。

In Screaming and Wandering, ＂Lu Town＂,＂Wei Zhuang＂and＂S City＂ is a literary world created by Lu Xun, a prototype of his hometown in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province and situated at the south of Yangtze Riverl On the one hand, Lu Xun characterizes the bottom such as Runtu, Ah Q and Sister Xianglin and reveals their psychopathy under severe feudal oppression. On the other hand, he makes every effort to explore their spiritual force for liberation, thus hinting the future possibility of actual liberation and new life for the whole nation. Intellectuals composed of madman and lunatic, or image series of ＂Madmen＂, highlight the local intellectual pedigree of the heresy. Their impulse for individual freedom and liberation extends the spiritual blood of the local intellectual heresy and at the same time is connected with the bottom in spirit. Their aspirations to devote themselves to the wake- ning and liberation of the entire nation makes it possible for them to fight in despair and become more and more tough and tenacious.