长三角地区旅游业能源消耗的CO_2排放测度研究

Measuring carbon dioxide emissions from energy consumption by tourism in Yangtze River Delta

旅游业与气候环境变化息息相关,低碳旅游是旅游业对气候变化的积极响应,也是低碳经济的延伸,将会给全球旅游业带来深远影响。但目前国内大部分有关低碳旅游的研究仍停留在定性阶段,尤其是旅游业碳排放的测度研究仍比较薄弱。本文在深入分析和总结国内外已有研究的基础上,以能源消耗平衡表为依据,借鉴"旅游消费剥离系数"概念,构建出符合我国目前统计口径的旅游业碳排放测度方法。并以长江三角洲地区为研究范围,对江苏、浙江和上海三地旅游业碳排放进行测度和对比分析。研究表明:目前在长三角地区,旅游业碳排放总量持续攀升,并与旅游业总收入成正相关。其中旅游交通仓储和邮电业碳排放在旅游业碳排放总量中占主导地位,而旅游餐饮、住宿和购物过程中的碳排放也不容忽视。旅游收入增长与旅游低碳化发展的矛盾仍然十分突出,迫切需要转变旅游业发展方式。

Climate change is projected to have great impact on tourism in various ways;however,tourism also contributes to climate change through the carbon dioxide emissions from transport,accommodation and other tourist activities.Now low-carbon tourism is becoming a popular choice to protect the environment for tourists.A lot of people have already accepted the low-carbon conception,and more and more people like it.But there are still numerous hurdles on the road to really achieve the low-carbon goal in our travels,because there is a large amount of direct energy consumption in the form of fossil fuels or indirect energy consumption in the form of electricity during the whole journey.And this consumption directly leads to more emissions of carbon dioxide.According to international experience,measuring carbon dioxide emissions from tourism is a key step to developing low-carbon tourism.However,the study of low-carbon tourism in China is still in its initial stage. Under the background of global energy conservation and emissions reduction,this paper builds up a rational method for measuring carbon dioxide emissions from tourism according to the situation of Chinese tourism.This measurement is based on a better understanding of the conception of low carbon,and it can strip tourist energy consumptions away from energy consumptions by related industries by using ＂tourist consuming minus coefficient＂.Taking the Yangtze River Delta as an example,we attempt to measure carbon dioxide emissions from tourism of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces as well as Shanghai,and then compare and analyze the results of measurement. The results are shown as follows.In the present stage,carbon dioxide emissions from tourism present an increasing trend.Moreover,there is a positive correlation between carbon dioxide emissions from tourism and the gross income of tourism in the Yangtze River Delta.It should be noticed that the main part in the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions from tourism is closely associated with transportation,storage industry,post,and telecommunication services.Besides,the carbon-dioxide emissions from tourism closely associated with dining,accommodation and shopping cannot be ignored.In general,there is considerable conflict between the increase of tourism income and the development of low-carbon tourism,hence the transformation of the development way of current tourism is urgently needed.