乡村转型发展特征评价及地域类型划分——以“苏南-陕北”样带为例

Study on the characteristics and territorial types of rural transformation development: The case of "Southern Jiangsu-Northern Shaanxi" transect

以"苏南-陕北"样带为案例区,评价分析了该区2000～2005年、2005～2008年乡村转型发展态势,并揭示了样带乡村转型发展的地域空间格局。结果表明:(1)2000～2005年期间,样带各县乡村发展度普遍较低但转型度普遍较高,低水平的乡村发展度与较高转型度造成样带各县不同程度的城乡不协调发展;2005～2008年期间,样带乡村系统普遍较快发展,各地城乡系统间的差异化发展局面得到初步改善;(2)"苏南-陕北"样带乡村转型发展呈现显著的地带性演变特征,各地转型发展的特征与结果同其所处的区位条件、经济基础、发展模式、政策要求等基本属性相匹配;(3)基于样带乡村转型发展评价结果,将样带划分为8个乡村转型发展地域类型区,各类型区之间因区位条件和资源禀赋的差异而选择不同乡村转型发展模式,并由此驱动资源环境和城乡经济系统的差异性变化。

Pushing forward rural transformation development is one of the key countermeasures to narrow the urban-rural development gap and to achieve the urban-rural coordination. This paper establishes the assessing indicator systems for studying rural transforma- tion development, classifies the territorial types of rural transformation development in the ＂Southern Jiangsu-Northern Shaanxi＂ transect, and analyzes the characteristics of differ- ent types. The major conclusions are drawn as follows. （1） During 2000-2005, the characteristics of rural development of the counties in the transect show a universal low development level but a relatively high transformation level, which resulted in the uncoordinated development of urban and rural areas, but the situation was improved during 2005-2008. （2） The integrated assessing results of rural transformation development in ＂Southern Jiangsu-Northern Shaanxi＂ transect show strong relationship between the regional transformation characteristics and its own basic attributes, such as location, economic basis, development mode, and policy objective. （3） Based on the four regional attributes of geomorphological features, transformation characteristics, developing speed and urban-rural relationship, eight territorial type regions are divided in the ＂Southern Jiangsu-Northern Shaanxi＂ transect, and the research outcomes indicated that various location conditions and resources endowment among different regions contribute to the adoption of different modes of rural transformation development, which will result in the different changes in resources and environment system and urban-rural economic system.