石油炼化行业恶臭气体成分谱研究

Source Profiles of Odors from the Oil Refining Industry

为研究石油炼化行业恶臭污染排放现状,采用冷阱富集-GC/MS技术研究了天津一家典型石油炼化企业不同处理单元空气中臭气的组成、主要组分含量及成分谱.在所采集的样品中,定性分析共检测到140种有机化合物,主要包括硫化物、烷烃、烯烃、卤代烃、苯系物和含氧有机物六大类物质.定量检测结果表明,主要处理单元恶臭污染物浓度总体水平由高至低表现为气分处理装置>污油罐处理装置>汽柴油处理装置.结合数据分析,初步识别了石油炼化厂主要处理单元的特征污染物,气分处理装置有丙酮、2-丁烯、丁烷、乙硫醇、甲硫醚和甲硫醇,汽柴油处理装置有丙酮、丙烯、异丁烷、正戊烷和对二乙苯,污油罐处理装置有1-丁烯、2-丁烯、1-戊烯、丙酮、丙烯和乙硫醇.

In order to study the current status of odor pollution emissions from oil refining industries, cold enrichment-GC/MS was used to determine the main components, contents and source profiles of odors from different processing units of a typical petroleum refining enterprise in Tianjin City. From all the samples, 140 species of organic compounds in the six categories of sulfides, alkanes, olefins, halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene and oxygen containing organic substances were determined by qualitative analysis. The quantitative detection results showed that the odorant concentration levels in the main processing units were ranked in the order of gas processing device 〉 waste oil processing device 〉 diesel gas processing device. Combined with data analysis, the particular pollutants of major processing units in the oil refining industry were identified as follows： gas processing device-acetone, 2-butene,butane, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfide and methanthiol; steam diesel processing device-acetone, propylene, butane, pentane and p-diethylbenzene; and waste oil treatment device-l-butene, 2-butene, 1-pentenoic, acetone, propylene and ethylene glycol.