试论“聚焦形式”中的注意机制

A Trial Discussion on Noticing Mechanism in Focus-on-form

"聚焦形式"的关键是在以意义或交际为中心的互动环境下将学习者的注意力吸引到语言形式上来,因此,注意机制在这一理念中尤其是涉及短时记忆和长时记忆的信息加工和贮存中发挥着重要的作用。要诠释"聚集形式"的可行性,还应阐明三个认知问题,即学习者能否有足够的认知资源注意到差距或漏洞;是否存在对语言形式、意义和功能的同时加工以及何时为语言加工最佳干预点。

What focus-on-form holds is how to draw the learner’s attention to the language form in the meaning-centered interaction context.Therefore,the noticing mechanism plays a pivotal role in exercising this methodology,especially in the information processing and storage processes that involve short-term memory and long-term memory.To delve into its feasibility,three cognitive issues are noteworthy,i.e.,whether learners are capable of noticing the gap with adequate cognitive resources,whether there exists the simultaneous processing of the form,the meaning and the function and when will be the optimal cognitive point.