《智者纳旦》与莱辛的后期神学思想

"Nathan der Weise" and Lessing’s Theological Views in his Later Period

莱辛是德国18世纪著名剧作家、文学史家和哲学家。《智者纳旦》是他一生中最后的一个剧本,也是他的神学思想的集大成之作。剧本写于莱辛与葛茨的神学论战之后,莱辛借剧中人物之口说出了自己的宗教宽容和人道主义思想。在启蒙运动高举"反基督教"的大旗时,作为德国启蒙运动大将的莱辛却通过自己的世界观理解了基督教教义,强调基督教的重要性,宣扬宗教宽容和人道主义。

As a famous German dramatist,historian and philosopher in the 18th Century,Lessing was the founder of German modern literature and one of the most outstanding German representatives of the Enlightenment.Nathan der Weise was his last drama as well as the assemblage of his theological views.The drama was produced after his debate with Goetz.With the help of dramatis personae,he explicated his thoughts of religious tolerance and humanitarianism.While the others in the Enlightenment strongly advocated ＂Anti-Christianism＂,Lessing,as one of the most important figures in the German Enlightenment,interpreted Christianism in his own way.He emphasized the importance of Christianism and blazoned forth religion tolerance and humanitarianism.