关于“民政”问题的理论探微

An Exploration of Theory about "Civil Administration" Issue

什么是民政,民政有没有理论,如果民政有理论,同哪些学科、理论关系最为密切,民政工作是不是只是国家、政府民政职能部门的事等等,对于这些问题目前学界似乎还没有引起足够的重视,展开认真的研究,给出具有共识性的回答。本文拟从民政与人政、民政与政府、民政与民本、民政与民权、民政与民生以及民政生态等角度,对民政问题的相关内容做些理论上的探微。本文认为民政有理论,而且民政理论应当先行于民政实践,政治学应当关注和加强民政问题的理论研究;认为从特定意义上说,民政亦即人政,民政不仅以"民"而且以"人"为中心或核心,民政应以人为本,民政工作不仅仅是国家、政府民政职能部门的事,整个国家和政府的机构设置都是为着民政的,并以民政为核心,只是分工不同罢了;认为以人为本的民政理论与实践工作有着广阔的前景。

What is Civil Administration？ Whether there is the theory of Civil Administration？ If Civil Administration there are theories, we should explore the most appropriate theory which is associated with the Civil Administration. Whether the Civil Administration involves only the state or civil government ？ For these problems, the academic research do not seem to give enough interpretation and reach consensus. From the following several angle,for example, Civil Administration and People Affairs, Civil Administration and government, Civil Administration and People Foremost, Civil Administration and Civil Rights, Civil Administration and People＇s Livelihood, Ecology of Civil Administration. This article attempts to interpret the issues of Civil Administration and make the interpretation of the as-sociate theory. This article holds that there should be relevant theory with the Civil Administration, and the theory of Civil Administration should take precedence over relevant practice. Political science should strengthen theoretical study of it. From a certain sense, this article argues that Civil Administration is People Affairs. Civil Administration not only make the people as its center and the people also. It should be people-oriented. Civil Administration is not just a matter of national civilian agencies, and even all government agencies should be set around it. On the surface, the other agencies does not belong to agencies of Civil Administration, in fact, it also carried around its affairs. If saying they are different, but different agencies division of duty only. This article deems that people-oriented theory and practice of Civil Administration has broad prospects.