健康教育对“双高”期老干部慢性肾脏病患者住院期间健康知识、信念及行为的影响

Effect of the health education on the health knowledge faith-behavior of senility and high morbidity old cadres with chronic kidney disease in hospital

目的探讨健康教育对住院期间“双高”期老干部慢性肾脏病患者健康知识、健康信念、健康行为的影响和效果。方法选取“双高”期老干部慢性肾脏病患者90例为研究对象，住院期间进行肾脏病知识、信念、行为的健康教育，教育前后进行问卷调查，比较教育前后健康知识、健康信念的评分及健康行为的正确率。结果教育后研究对象的健康知识如“饮食知识”（7．267±1．507）分、“一般保健知识”（7．067±1．230）分等得分均高于教育前（5．917±1．532），（6．617±1．350）分，差异均有统计学意义（t分别为4．642，3．203；P〈0．05）；教育后健康信念如“战胜疾病的信心”（4．100±0．675）分、“与医护人员的配合”（3．717±0．739）分等得分均高于教育前（3．700±0．714），（3．367±0．850）分，差异均有统计学意义（t分别为4．397，2．911；P〈0．01）；教育后健康行为如“检查前后遵守交代的注意事项”、“能主动自我检测”等正确率97．7％，84．4％均高于教育前83．3％，74．4％，差异均有统计学意义（X^2分别为49．705，42．194；P〈0．01）。结论对住院期间“双高”期老干部肾脏病患者进行系统化、规范化的健康教育，可增加患者的健康知识，促进其树立正确的健康信念，改变不健康行为。

Objective To explore the effects of health education on health knowledge, health faith, health behavior of senility and high morbidity old cadres with chronic kidney disease in hospital. Methods Ninety patients with senility and high morbidity old cadres in hospital were selected and received health education about the knowledge,faith and behaviour of kidney disease. They were investigated with questionnaire before and after education,then health knowledge, health faith score, health behaviour sceuracy ratio were compared. Results After health education,patients＇ health knowledge such as ＇ diet knowledge＇ score and general health care knowledge score was（7. 267 ± 1. 507） and （7. 067 ±1. 230） respectively,and higher than before education （5. 917 ± 1. 532 ） and （ 6.617 ± 1. 350 ）, the difference was statistically significant （ t = 4. 642,3. 203, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. Health faith such as the score of ＇ defeating disease confidence＇ and ＇ match to medical staff＇ after education respectively was（4. 100 ±0. 675） and （3. 717 ± 0. 739 ） higher than（3. 700 ±0.714） and （3. 367 ± 0.850） before education, and the difference was statistically significant （t = 4. 397, 2. 911, respectively;P 〈 0. 01 ）. Health behaviour accuracy ratio after education such as ＇ abide notes before and after examination＇ , ‘initiative self-detection＇ respectively was 97. 7% and 84. 4% higher than 83. 3% and 74.4% before education,and the difference was statistically significant（ X^2 = 49. 705,42. 194, respectively; P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The systematic and standard health education for the senility and high morbidity old cadres with chronic kidney disease when they in hospital can expand their health knowledge, promote their health faith and change their unhealthy behavior.