论刑讯逼供的证明责任与证明标准——以《刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)》为切入点的思考

On the Burden and Criterion of Proof of Extorting Confessions by Torture

《刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)》试图通过举证责任倒置、非法证据排除规则、录音录像规则、侦查人员出庭说明情况等制度遏制刑讯逼供。就刑讯逼供的遏制而言,需要明确的是,同一刑讯逼供行为,既可以是实体法中的证明对象,也可以是程序法中的证明对象;在作为不同性质的证明对象时,在证明责任、证明标准方面均有所不同。

Amendments to Criminal Procedure Law （Draft） try to restrain extorting confessions by torture with articles such as inversion of burden of proof, rules of eliminating illegal evidence, rules of sound and video recordings and explanations given by investigation personnel in court. The same act of extorting confessions by torture may refer to the object of proof either in substantive law or procedural law. However, the burden and criterion of proof may be different concerning with different objects of proof.