医学生一般自我效能感、自我和谐与应付方式的关系研究

Correlation study on general self-efficacy,self-consistency and congruence and coping styles among medical students

目的探讨医学生的一般自我效能感、自我和谐与应付方式及其相互关系,为医学生的人格培养和心理健康建设提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取某医学院300名在校大学生进行一般自我效能感量表、自我和谐量表和应付方式问卷调查。结果医学生一般自我效能感与自我和谐状况得分分别为(2.64±0.46)分,(86.51±12.10)分,均处于大学生群体的中等水平。一般自我效能感与解决问题、合理化呈显著正相关(r=0.382,P<0.01;r=0.174,P<0.01),与自责、退避呈显著负相关(r=-0.170,P<0.01;r=-0.127,P<0.05);自我和谐总分与自责、幻想、退避呈显著正相关(r=0.363,P<0.01;r=0.379,P<0.01;r=0.282,P<0.01),与解决问题、求助呈显著负相关(r=-0.388,P<0.01;r=-0.247,P<0.01)。结论医学生的应付方式与一般自我效能感和自我和谐密切相关,要引导医学生采取积极的应付方式、提高心理健康水平,医学院校应注重提升医学生自我效能感、促进自我和谐的发展。

Objective To understand the relationship between general self-efficacy, se^consistency and congru- ence and coping styles among medical students. Methods By stratified random sampling method, 300 medical students were surveyed by general self-efficacy scale, self-consistency and congruence scale and coping style questionnaire. Results The score of general self-efficacy was （ 2. 64 ＋ O. 46 ） and self-consistency and congruence was （ 86. 51 ＋ 12. 10 ） among medical students. They were all at the medium level compared with their norms. General self-efficacy was positive related to solving problem and rationalization （ r = 0. 382, P 〈 0. 01 ; r = 0. 174, P 〈 0. O1 ） , and negative related to self-criticism and back-off （r = -0. 170, P 〈0. 01 ; r = -0. 127, P 〈0.05）. Self-consistency and congruence was positive related to self- criticism, fantasy and back-off （r = 0. 363, P 〈 0. 01 ; r = 0. 379, P 〈 0.01 ; r = O. 282, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Self-consistency and congruence was negative related to solving problem and seeking help （ r = - 0. 388, P 〈 0. 01 ; r = - 0. 247, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion General self-efficacy and self-consistency and congruence were closely associated with coping styles among medical students. It is necessary to pay attention to medical students＇ general self-efficacy and self-consistency and congru- ence and guide them to take positive coping styles.