天津市大学生自我肯定意识对生命价值观的影响分析

Influence of self-affirmation consciousness and related factors on life value concept of college students in Tianjin

目的了解天津市大学生生命价值观的现状,探讨自我肯定意识及其相关因素对生命价值观的影响。方法通过多阶段分层整群抽样,选择天津市3所大学大一至大四学生203名,采用生命价值观量表和自我肯定意识量表进行测试。结果医学类专业(积极生命意义:F=3.67,P<0.05)及志愿者学生(积极生命意义:F=2.06,P<0.05;追寻生命价值:F=4.35,P<0.01)的积极生命价值观得分高于其他专业及非志愿者学生;大一的消极生命意义维度分(F=15.91,P<0.01)高于其他年级,大四的追寻生命价值维度分(F=7.92,P<0.01)高于其他年级;自我接纳、自我实现、自我充实和自我表露4项积极自我意识与积极生命意义呈不同程度的正相关(r=0.25～0.50,P<0.05或P<0.01),自我封闭和对人紧张2项消极自我意识与积极生命意义呈不同程度的负相关(r=-0.18～-0.59,P<0.05或P<0.01);逐步回归分析表明,自我肯定意识和年级(消极生命意义:β=-0.21,P<0.01;追寻生命价值:β=0.14,P<0.01)、志愿者活动(追寻生命价值:β=0.16,P<0.01)、专业(积极生命意义:β=0.15,P<0.01)是影响生命价值观的主要因素。结论提高自我肯定意识、积极参与志愿者活动对提升大学生生命价值观有促进作用。

Objective To understand the status of life value concept of college students and explore influence of self-affirmation consciousness and related factors. Methods By multistage stratified cluster sampling, 203 college students from freshmen to seniors among 3 universities in Tianjin were tested by life values scale and self-affirmation consciousness scale. Results Scores of medicine majors （ positive life meaning ： F = 3.67, P 〈 0. 05） and volunteer students （ positive life meaning： F =2.06, P 〈0. 05 ; pursuing life value： F =4. 35, P 〈0. 01 ） were higher on positive meaning life dimen- sion than that of other majors and non-volunteers （P 〈0. 05）. Scores of freshmen （ F = 15.91, P 〈0. 01 ） were higher on negative life meaning dimension than that of other senior grade, scores of seniors （ F = 7.92, P 〈 0.01 ） were higher on the pursuing life value dimension than that of other grades （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Dimensions of positive self consciousness including self-acceptance, self-fulfillment, self-enrichment and self-disclosure were positive correlated to positive meaning life at dif- ferent degree （r = 0. 25 ~ 0. 50, P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. Dimensions of negative self-consciousness including self isolation and mental tension to other peoples were negative correlated to positive meaning life at different degree （ r = - 0. 18 -0. 59, P 〈0. 05 or P 〈0. 01 ）. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that self-affirmation consciousness and grade （nega- tive meaning life：β= - 0. 21, P 〈 0. 01 ; pursuing life value： β = 0. 14, P 〈 0. 01 ）, volunteer activities （ pursuing life value：β =0. 16, P 〈0. 01 ） and majors （positive meaning life：β =0. 15, P 〈0. 01 ） were the main influencing factors on life values. Conclusion Improving self-affirmation consciousness and participating volunteer activities will promote college students＇ life values.