基于步进电机的太阳自动跟踪系统的研究

Research on Intelligent Solar Tracking System Based on Stepper Motor

为了提高太阳光伏发电系统的转换效率,对太阳进行自动跟踪是很有必要的。依据高精度的太阳位置算法,利用STC12C5A60S2单片机作为控制芯片,以步进电机作为执行机构,通过单片机来控制步进电机从而实现双轴太阳自动跟踪。相比于直流电机,步进电机更具有可控性和稳定性,跟踪精度较高,且受环境的影响小。理论分析和研究结果表明,系统实现了对太阳的自动跟踪,能大大提高太阳能的利用率。该系统价格低廉,性能可靠,具有较高的实用价值。

In order to enhance the efficiency of solar photovoltaic power generation system,it is quite necessary to track the sun automatically. According to the high-precision positioning algorithm of sun, using STC12CSA60S2 singlechip as a control chip and stepper motor as the executing unit,the dual-axis solar tracking system with the singlechip controlling the stepper motor was constructed. Compared with the DC motor, the stepper motor is more controllable,more steady and has high tracking accuracy and suffers little environmental effect. Theoretical analysis and design results show that the system realizes the automatic tracking of the sun and can greatly improve the utilization rate of solar energy. The systemrs price is low,it has reliable performance, and has high practical value.