南宁市15岁及以上社区居民吸烟现状调查

Survey on current smoking status among the community residents aged 15 and above in Nanning City

目的:了解南宁市15岁及以上社区居民的吸烟现状及控烟态度,为相关部门制定有效的社区控烟措施,形成"有效的控烟局面"提供参考依据。方法:在2010年10月-2010年12月间,采用随机抽样入户一对一问卷调查方式,调查南宁市15岁及以上社区居民821人,其中有805份问卷记录合格用于分析。调查采用中国公共卫生控烟能力建设项目组统一设计的调查问卷。结果:南宁市15岁及以上社区居民吸烟率为29.81%,现在吸烟率为26.96%,其中男性吸烟率和现在吸烟率(50.56%和46.52%)明显高于女性吸烟率和现在吸烟率(4.17%和2.78%);35岁～64岁的人群现在吸烟率较高;不同民族现在吸烟率差异无统计学意义;不同文化程度的人群现在吸烟率差异有统计学意义,随着文化程度的升高,现在吸烟率有降低的趋势;从事技术工作的人群现在吸烟率最高;去年一年人均收入在3万-不足4万组和5万及以上组的人群现在吸烟率明显高于其他组。人群被动吸烟率为41.24%;家庭吸烟率达66.69%,只有22.11%的家庭家中禁止吸烟;78.14%的调查对象所居住的社区从未开展过任何关于控烟的活动;70.81%的人赞成社区公共场所禁烟;61.99%的人认为政府出台相关政策才是社区禁烟最有效可行的方式。结论:南宁市15岁及以上社区居民吸烟与被动吸烟率近年有所升高,家庭吸烟率较高,社区控烟宣传力度明显不足,但社区控烟有较强大的群众支持力量;应以社区为载体,以家庭为单位,以政府为后盾,加强相关的健康教育及行为干预,推动社区公共场所的禁烟立法。

Objective： To investigate the current smoking status and the attitude towards tobacco control among community residents aged 15 and above in Nanning City,to provide the reference basis for related department to work out effective measures of community tobacco control and forming the ＂effective situation of tobacco control＂. Methods Randomly sampled a total of 821 community residents of Nanning City aged 15 and above with one-to-one household survey by questionnaires from October 2010 to December 2010, and 805 records of questionnaires were qualified in analyzing. The questionnaire was designed by the project team of China Public Health Tobacco Control Capacity Building Project. Results The smoking rate of the community residents aged 15 and above in Nanning City was 29.81% ,the current smoking rate was 26.96% ,Among them the smoking rate and the currentsmoking rate were obviously higher in male（50.56% and 46.52% ） than those in female（4.17% and 2.78% ）. Those aged 35- 64 had higher smoking rate. There was no significant difference in current smoking rates among the population with different na- tions. There was significant difference in current smoking rates among the population with different education levels. With the rise of educational level, the current smoking rate have a decline trend . The current smoking rate of the crowd who engaged in techni- cal work is the highest. The current smoking rates of the groups of people whose last year per capital income are between 30000 to40000 or 50000 and above are higher than other groups. The rate of passive smoking was gl. 24%. The family smoking rate was 66.69%. Only 22.11% of these families were no smoking. The communities of 78.14% of the respondents had never engage any activities on tobacco control. 70.81% of respondents approve prohibition of smoking in public community places. 61.99% of the respondents think that the most effective and feasible way to ban smoking in public community places is to issue relevant policy by the government. Conclusions The smoking and the passive smoking rates of the community residents aged 15 and above in NanningCity have increased in recent years. The family smoking rate was high. The community propaganda of tobacco control is obviously deficient. But the support from the masses to the tobacco control of the community is powerful. By use of community as the carri- er, family as the unit and the government as the backing, we should strengthen the relevant health education and behavior intervention, and promote anti-smoking legislation of public community places.