从哲学家到共产主义者——《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》第十一条的一种新解读

From a Philosopher to a Communist——New Understanding to the 11th of “The Outline of Feuerbach”

《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》第十一条:"以往的哲学家们只是解释世界,而问题在于改变世界。"这是学者从马克思著作中引用最多和最熟悉的经典名句。然而学者无论在直观表象理解上,还是深度逻辑把握上,对其解释都不曾达成共识,甚至呈现巨大的歧义。批判以往解读方式的两个预设前提,新的解读方式旨在从马克思思想自身发展的内在逻辑出发诠释其本意。第十一条表明马克思思想发展的根本转变——从哲学家到共产主义者的身份转变,从哲学(理论)为根基到以现实世界(历史)为根基的转变。

The 11th of 'The Outline of Feuerbach' is one familiar sentence quoted by many scholars from Marxism works: 'Philosophers in the past only explain the world;but the problem is to change the world.' There is no agreement about the understanding of this sentence.The standpoint of the new interpretation of the sentence is the internal logic of Marxism development.The 11th of 'The Outline of Feuerbach' is the turning point of Marxism—the identity of a philosopher to the identity of a communist.In fact,that is the change from philosophy(theory) to real world(history).