实验地貌的观测方法讨论

Development of observation methods for the experimental landform

实验地貌观测方法的选择直接影响试验观测的精度和效率。数字近景摄影测量技术具有较高的观测精度和效率,其设备简单易操作且成本相对较低,但观测精度仍需结合传统手段进行率定和校核;点云式激光扫描技术使用范围广、精度高,但设备制作成本高、数据处理量大,等值线式激光扫描技术克服了上述缺点;超声波地形仪多用于水下地形观测,应用范围及效率精度有待改进。实验地貌观测技术未来的研究趋势应朝着高精度、高效率、操作简便的方向发展。

Selection of observing methods for the experimental landform directly affects the accuracy and efficiency of the experi- ment. The digital close-range photogrammetry is easily operated and cheap, but the camera must be calibrated before the measure- ment. The point clouding 3D Laser Scanning is widely applied to many measurements for its highly accuracy and efficiency and the kind of contour type 3D laser scanner can successfully resolve the problems of high cost and large capacity of data processing. The ultrasonic topographical surveying is frequently used in underwater observations, but the application range and accuracy of the method are needed to be improved. It is the major trend to develop the methods with high precision and easily operated in the future.