将工程做成景观——米歇尔·柯南和贝尔纳·拉絮斯的当代景观美学思想

To Make a Project into Landscape:Landscape Aesthetical Conception Ascribed to Michel Conan and Bernard Lassus

高速公路作为人类在大地上的作品,它的本质是属于工程技术方面的,但它对于自然地形却是不够尊重的。这种对自然的霸权所造成的破坏是多方面的,除了生态的,还有人文的,景观的破坏是其中之一。西方国家的建设者注重这一问题的,他们尽力将高速公路所带来的环境破坏降到最低点,并且还力求让奔驰在高速公路上的司机和乘客们能够欣赏到美丽的景观。法国艺术家兼工程师拉絮斯和园林暨建筑理论家米歇尔.柯南就是其中之一。拉絮斯在喀桑采石场的实践,最根本的则是将工程做成景观。现在是一个科技高度发达的时代,科技是人类生活的最高主宰,也的确给人类带来了福音。但是科技也给人类生活特别是精神生活带来某种局限。高度的理性化与技术化,也让人类损失了诸多的精神乐趣其中就有审美的乐趣。科技与审美的对立以前所未有的态势而出现,这种状况不利于人类的进步与发展,在此背景下,实现科技与审美的统一,就成为现代化的一个重要难题。拉絮斯以其成功的实践所实现的工程与景观的统一不失为解决科技与审美矛盾的一种重要方式。这对于正在现代化道路上迅猛前进的当代中国,其启迪更是巨大。

Lassus,a French artist and engineer,and Michel Conan,a theorist in horticulture and architecture,inspire us a lot.The essential one is to make a project into landscape.It is an era of high technology.In such an era,technology becomes a dominant factor of our life.Indeed,technology has brought a lot interest to human.However,there is no doubt that science and technology also restricts people especially their spiritual life to some extent.People lose a lot of spiritual amusement and aesthetic joy in the era of reason and technology.The state that technology opposes aesthetics is not beneficial to the advancement of human.In such a context,to realize the unification between technology and aesthetics becomes a significant issue in modernization.