压疮临床分期及相关机制研究进展

Updated pressure ulcer staging system and its research development

压疮一直是医疗、护理领域的棘手问题。本文介绍了美国国家压疮指导专家组(National pressure ulcer advisory panel,NPUAP)2007压疮最新分期,由原来经典四期分类(红斑期、水泡期、溃疡期和坏死期)增加至六期分类:即疑似深部组织损伤和难以分期压疮期;并分别从微循环障碍、缺血再灌注损伤及细胞变形机制对压疮深部组织损伤进行阐述,旨在为临床更好的认识和探讨压疮的病因及作用机制,理解压疮分期,科学的评估压疮,有效防治压疮提供参考。

Pressure ulcer is a difficult problem in field of medical nursing.This paper presented the updated categories/stages of pressure ulcers made by NPUAP（National pressure ulcer advisory panel） in 2007.The updated categories added two types： suspected deep tissue injury and unstageable pressure ulcers（classic categories： erythema stage,bubble stage,ulcer stage and necrosis stage）.Meanwhile,it expounded the mechanism of pressure ulcer on suspected deep tissue injury based on microcirculatory disturbance,ischemia reperfusion injury and cells deformation.These will be helpful to understand the etiology and effect of pressure ulcer and to prevent and assess the pressure ulcer in clinic.