补肾活血中药对糖尿病大鼠视路SynⅠ和Nissl小体的影响

Effect of Bushen Huoxue Decoction on synapsin Ⅰ and Nissl bodies in the visual pathway of experimental diabetic rats

目的观察实验性糖尿病大鼠视路神经元组织形态学的病理改变,并探讨补肾活血中药复方防治实验性糖尿病大鼠视路损害的作用机理。方法选用SD大鼠,采用链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)建立实验性糖尿病模型。实验大鼠随机分为7组:正常对照组、阴性对照组(模型组)、阳性对照Ⅰ组、阳性对照Ⅱ组、中药低、中、高剂量组。以Nissl染色法和免疫组织化学方法染色显示视网膜、外侧膝状体(external genic-ulate body,EGB)、视皮质(visual cortex,VC)中Nissl小体、突触素I(synapsin I,Syn I)的表达,应用Mias-2000图形分析系统对其进行测定和分析。结果与正常对照组相比,阴性对照组大鼠视路三级神经元的Syn I的表达强度和Nissl小体的含量均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);与阴性对照组相比,中药治疗组大鼠视网膜、外侧膝状体及视皮质的Syn I表达强度和Nissl小体的含量均明显增高,其中中药高剂量组最为明显(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论实验性糖尿病大鼠在高血糖状态持续6个月后,其视路神经元发生不同程度的退行性改变;补肾活血中药能在一定程度上恢复糖尿病大鼠视觉通路神经细胞突触的密度和分布(轴突再生),并改善其神经递质释放调节功能,从而减轻实验性糖尿病大鼠视路神经元病理损害。

OBJECTIVE To observe the histomorphological pathological changes of the optic pathway neuron caused by the experimental diabetes,and to probe into the mechanism of Bushen Huoxue Decoction to prevent from the lesion of the optic pathway of the experimental diabetic rats.METHODS The diabetic SD rat models were made by abdominal streptozotocin-injection.Experimental rats were randomly divided into normal group,negative control group,positive control groupⅠ,positive control groupⅡ,Bushen Huoxue Decoction groups（low dosage,medium dosage,high dosage）.And then the Nissl body,SynI in retina,EGB and VC 17 area were checked by Nissl staining method and immunohistochemical staining method.RESULTS Compared with the normal control group,the positive staining of Syn I and the content of Nissl bodies in retina,EGB and VC were significantly low in negative control group（P0.05 or 0.01）;Compared with the negative control group,the positive staining of Syn I and the content of Nissl bodies in retina,EGB and VC were significantly high in all of the TCM groups,especially in the high dose group（P0.05 or 0.01）.CONCLUSIONS The optic pathway neuron of the experimental diabetic rats which were in high blood glucose condition for 6 months had varying degree of the recessive change;Bushen Huoxue Decoction could increase the expression of synapsin I,accordingly it may be one of the important mechanisms of Bushen Huoxue Decoction to relieve the damages of neurons in visual pathway with diabetic rats.