中医瘀热互结证大鼠模型的建立及评价

The Establishment and Evaluation of the Model Rats of Blood Stasis and Heat Accumulation Syndrome

目的探索建立符合中医学理论特点的瘀热互结证大鼠模型。方法 30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组及丹参组,每组10只。丹参组给予丹参水煎液13.5g/kg灌胃,灌胃体积20mL/kg;正常组和模型组给予相同体积纯净水灌胃。均每天2次,连续7天。给药第4天,模型组及丹参组大鼠腹腔注射角叉菜胶50mg/kg,每天1次,连续3天。末次注射24h后,于大鼠背部皮下注射20%干酵母悬液(10mL/kg),6h后观察大鼠体温、舌象、尾部瘀斑、耳廓和四肢皮肤颜色等表征以及耳廓微循环、血液流变学相关指标。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠出现舌质红紫,舌下脉络增粗增长,爪甲色红紫,耳廓边缘发红,尾部出现明显瘀斑(P<0.01),体温明显升高(P<0.01)等瘀热表征;耳廓微血流速度明显减慢,全血高、中、低切黏度,红细胞压积及红细胞电泳时间明显增加,红细胞变形指数明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。与模型组比较,丹参组大鼠尾部瘀斑长度明显减少,微血流流态评分明显升高,全血高、中、低切黏度,红细胞压积及红细胞电泳时间明显减少,红细胞变形指数明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论采用联合注射角叉菜胶和活性干酵母方法建立的瘀热互结证大鼠模型具有动物表征明显以及重现性、稳定性好等特点,可用于瘀热互结证的中医基础理论、中药药效筛选以及中药药性理论等多方面的研究。

Objective To establish a rat model of blood stasis and heat accumulation syndrome in accordance with the Chinese medicine（CM） theoretic features.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,and the danshen root group,10 in each.Rats in the danshen root group were given danshen decoction at 13.5 g/kg by gastrogavage,with the volume of 20 mL/kg,twice daily for 7 successive days.As for rats in the normal group and the model group,equal volume of pure water was given to them by gastrogavage,twice daily for 7 successive days.On the 4th day of medication,carrageen at 50 mg/kg was peritoneally injected to rats in the model group and the danshen root group,once daily for 3 successive days.Twenty-four h after the last injection,20% dry yeast suspension（10 mL/kg） was given to the rats by subcutaneous injection.The indictors such as body temperature,tongue figure,tail ecchymosis,skin color of the ears and four limbs,microcirculation indicators,and hemorheological indicators were observed 6 h later.Results Compared with the normal group,red and purple tongue,longer and thicker arteries and veins under the tongue,red and purple claw color,red ear flap edge,obvious ecchymosis of the tail occurred in rats of the model group（P0.01） ,with obviously increased body temperature（P0.01） .The blood velocity of the microcirculation in the ear flap obviously decreased.The hemorheology tests showed that the whole blood viscosity（high,middle,and low） ,hematocrit,and erythrocyte electrophoretic time obviously increased,red blood cell deformation index obviously deceased,showing statistical difference（P0.01,P0.05） .Compared with the model group,the length of ecchymosis in the tail obviously decreased in rats of the danshen root group.The blood velocity score of the microcirculation obviously increased.The hemorheology tests showed that the whole blood viscosity（high,middle,and low） ,hematocrit,and erythrocyte electrophoretic time obviously decreased,red blood cell deformation index obviously inceased,showing statistical difference（P0.05,P0.01） .Conclusion The rat model of blood stasis and heat accumulation syndrome established with carrageen and dry yeast suspension injection had obvious features,with good reproducibility and stability.It could be used in the study of CM basic theories,screening of Chinese herbs,and the theories of Chinese drug properties.