不同基因型玉米品种的抗旱性及收获指数研究

Study on Drought Resistance and Harvest Index of Different Gene Type Corns

在4种不同水分梯度下,对17个不同基因型玉米品种的产量、抗旱指数和收获指数进行了研究,结果表明,不同水分梯度间产量差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);在雨养条件下(耗水325.6 mm),农大108、中玉9号和东单60这3个品种的产量均值较其他14个品种的均值高出980.2 kg/hm2,增产率为27.5%;在耗水363.6,421.6,469.1 mm条件下,先玉335和郑单958这2个基因型品种的产量均值较其他15个品种的产量均值分别增加17.31%,22.17%和18.25%。各基因型品种的抗旱指数有明显差异,不同水分梯度下的抗旱指数与雨养条件下的产量水平紧密相关。先玉335的抗旱指数虽然处于中等水平,但由于其丰产性和适应性好,生产上应用广泛。由此证明,抗旱指数达到中等水平时,就可达到既有一定的抗旱性亦有较好丰产性,极端水分条件下的抗旱性没有生产意义。同时,先玉335的收获指数可达到60%左右,为研究的17个品种中最高,说明其光合同化物转化能力强。

In the paper,study focused on yield,drought resistance and harvest index of 17 gene type corns under four different moisture content gradients.The results showed： the yield variance was significant different under different moisture content gradients（P0.05）;in rainy condition（water cost： 325.6 mm）,the mean yield of Nongda 108,Zhongyu 9 and Dongdan 60 were higher than the other 14 gene types by 980.2 kg/hm2,and the rate of growth was 27.5%;the mean yield of Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958 were higher than the other 15 gene types by 17.31%,22.17% and 18.25% respectively in 363.6,421.6,469.1 mm water cost.The variance of drought resistance of different gene types was significant;there was a close relationship between drought resistance under different moisture content gradients and yield under rainy conditions.Though the drought resistance of Xianyu 335 was moderate,because of good adaptability and yield ability,it was wide applied.When the drought resistance index reached to moderate level,corn had not only definite drought resistance but also yield ability,the index under extreme moisture gradient was not significant.The harvest index of Xianyu 335 was about 60%,so it was the highest among 17 gene types;this showed it had strong ability of light contract iodide transformation.