三角帆蚌稚蚌培育阶段摇蚊幼虫的药物杀灭试验

Experiment of medical elimination of chironomid larvae in juvenile Hyriopsis cumingii breeding stage

为杀灭三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)稚蚌培育池中的摇蚊幼虫,以吡喹酮、伊维菌素、阿维菌素、氰戊菊酯等8种常用水产杀虫药,进行稚蚌培育池中摇蚊幼虫杀灭效果试验,再对筛选出的药物进行急性毒性试验,并据此进行稚蚌培育池中杀灭摇蚊幼虫的药物应用试验。结果显示:溴氰菊酯是稚蚌培育池杀灭摇蚊幼虫的理想药物;在平均水温27℃条件下,溴氰菊酯对三角帆蚌稚蚌48 hLC50、96 h LC50、安全浓度(SC)分别为3.150、2.471、0.247 mg/L,对摇蚊幼虫48 h LC50、96 h LC50、SC分别为0.104 4、0.018 51、0.001 85 mg/L;在三角帆蚌稚蚌培育池内,溴氰菊酯使用浓度为0.431～0.632 mg/L时,既能有效杀灭摇蚊幼虫,又能减小对稚蚌生理功能的影响。

In order to eliminate chironomidae larvae from the juvenile foster pool, 8 common aquatic insecticide including praziquantel, ivermectin, avermectin, fenvalerate were used to test the elimination effect on juveniles of Hyriopsis cum- ingii and chironomidae larvae. Then, acute toxicity experiment was conducted to the selected insecticide. On the basis of these outcomes, the drug application test of killing chironomid larvae at juvenile breeding stage was carried out. The results showed that deltamethrin was the best choice in killing chironomid larvae at juvenile H. cumingii breeding stage. Under the average water temperature of 27 ℃, the median lethal concentration （LC 50 ） of deltamethrin against juvenile and chirono- mid larvae at 48h and 96h were 3. 150 mg/L, 2. 471 mg,/L and O. 1044 mg/L, 0. 01851 mg/L, respectively. The safe concentration（SC） of deltamethrin against juvenile and chironomid larvae were O. 247 mg/L and O. 00185 mg/L, respec- tively. In juvenile foster pool, the effective concentration of deltamethrin to kill chironomid larvae and reduce the effect of physiological function in juvenile was 0.431 -0. 632 mg/L