移栽密度与施氮量对油菜生长发育和产量的影响

Effects of Different Transplanting Densities and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Growth and Yield of Rape

以华杂油9号为材料,研究了不同移栽密度与施氮量对油菜生长发育、植株生物学特性、产量构成因素和产量的影响。研究结果表明:在15～45万株/hm2的移栽密度下,移栽密度对油菜生育期无明显影响,前期施用氮肥能促进油菜苗期的生长发育。在相同的施氮条件,各处理油菜植株的单株叶干重、茎干重、叶面积均随着种植密度的增加而降低。各处理油菜产量均显著高于对照,其产量大小顺序为T4>T5>T6>T3>T1>T2,分别比对照增加175.90%、168.83%、180.97%、222.55%、220.54%和203.29%。试验条件下油菜获得高产的适宜施氮量为180.0 kg/hm2、移栽密度15万株/hm2。

The effects of different transplanting densities and nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth, biological characteristics, yield components and yield of Huazayou 9 were studied. The results showed that with the transplanting density of 15-45×10^4 shoots/hm2, the growth period of rape was not affected by transplanting density, and application of nitrogen fertilizer in early period can promote the growth of rape in seedling stage; with the same nitrogen fertilizer rate, dry weight of leaf, dry weight of stem and leaf area per rape plant in each treatment all decreased with increasing transplanting density; the yield of rape in each treatment was all obviously higher than that in control, and the yield in each treatment ordered as T4〉TS〉T6〉T3 〉TI〉T2, which respectively increased by 175.90%, 168.83%, 180.97%, 222.55%, 220.54% and 203.29% than control; when nitrogen fertilizer rate was 180.0 kg/hm2 and transplanting density was 15x104 shoots/hm2, the rape can achieve high yield.