控氮对湘西北山地烤烟烟叶产质量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Control on Yield and Quality of Tobacco Leaves from Hilly Area in Northwestern Hunan Province

采用固定氮磷钾配比(1∶1∶3),施氮量分别为135、120、105 kg/hm2,研究控制施氮量对湘西北低海拔丘陵区山地烤烟烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明:随着施氮量的增加,成熟度、油分和色度随之提高,但烟叶叶片组织结构僵硬、身份偏厚,各处理上部烟糖含量相对较低,而总碱含量大于3%,对品质提高不利,总体上各处理间烟叶品质差异不显著。干烟产量及均价为氮用量135 kg/hm2时最高,氮用量105 kg/hm2时最低。

With fixed ration of N, P and K （1：1：3）, the effects of controlling nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and quality of tobacco leaves from low altitude hilly area in northwestern Hunan province were studied when nitrogen fertilizer rate was 135, 120 and 105 kg/hm2, respectively. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer rate, maturity, oil content and chroma of tobacco leaf increased, but organization structures were stiffness, leaf was thick. The sugar content in upper leaf in all treatments was relatively low, but the total alkali content was more than 3%, which were disadvantages to quality improvement. In general, the quality of tobacco leaves among treatments had insignificant differences. Yield of dried tobacco leaf and average price are the highest in treatment with 135 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer rate and the lowest in treatment with 105 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer rate.