含氟聚氨酯的合成、性能及应用研究进展

Synthesis,properties and application of fluorinated polyurethane

按氟基团的引入方式和使用不同的含氟原料(含氟多元醇化合物、含氟异氰酸酯、含氟扩链剂、含氟封端剂以及含氟丙烯酸酯等)表述了合成含氟聚氨酯的方法;含氟基团被引入聚氨酯链段,可使含氟聚氨酯(FPU)兼具聚氨酯和含氟聚合物的优点,如高强度、高韧性和高缓冲性能,很好的热稳定性,耐溶剂和化学品性,较低的表面张力和低摩擦系数等;介绍了FPU在涂层、皮革装饰、纺织物和医药领域的应用发展状况,展望今后含氟聚氨酯的研究重点将集中在氟化原料的开发上,并研发出高性能的含氟聚氨酯材料,其中,水性含氟聚氨酯材料具有高固含量、高耐水性的特点.

Synthetic methods of fluorinated polyurethane were reviewed according to the introduction way of fluorine groups and different fluorine materials including fluorine containing polyol compounds,isocyanate,chain extenders,blocking agents and acrylates.The virtues of polyurethane and fluorinated polymers were combined to fluorinated polyurethane（FPU） by the introduction of fluorine groups into polyurethane segments,such as high strength,high toughness and high damping properties,good thermal stability,solvent and chemical resistance,lower surface tension,and low coefficient of friction.The applications of FPU in coating,leather decoration,textile and medicine were also reviewed.The future research of fluorinated polyurethane would focus on the development of fluorinated materials and fluorine-containing polyurethane material with high performance.The waterborne fluorinated polyurethane materials had high solid content and high water resistance of characteristics.