荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)及其在植物分子细胞遗传学中的应用与展望

Applications and Prospects of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization on Plant Molecular Cytogenetics

荧光原位杂交是在分子水平上检测外源染色质的一种有效方法。该技术在研究植物分子细胞遗传学、基因扩增、基因作图及植物进化和亲缘关系的鉴定上已广泛应用。本文简要介绍了荧光原位杂交探针类型、探针标记方法和染色体制片技术等,概述了荧光原位杂交技术在构建植物基因组物理图谱,功能基因定位,远缘杂种的鉴定及外源染色质的检测,减数分裂时期染色体行为研究和探讨种的起源中的应用与展望。

Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） is a most effective method of detecting alien chromatin at molecular level. It plays an increasing important role in a variety of research fields, such as plant molecular cytogenetics, gene amplification, gene mapping, evolution and identification of the relation ships of different species. In this paper, the probes used in this technique, probes label methods and chromosome preparation were introduced. The application of FISH in plant genomic physical atlas estimation, functional gene location, for distant hybrid identification and alien chromatin detection, analysis of chromosome behavior in meiosis, origination of species are summarized and prospected.