民族伦理视野中的民间宗教及其功用

Folk Religion and Its Functions from the Perspective of Ethnic Ethics

中华民族是一个多元一体的整体,文化在其形成过程中起到了关键作用。儒家文化为中华民族内部的族际伦理奠定了宽容开放的伦理基调,而民间宗教传统则在日常生活层面具体细微地雕琢共同的民族精神。承继先秦巫祝文化的遗存、糅合了儒释道三教精神、带有原始宗教色彩的民间宗教,对于中华各个少数民族的宗教信仰和生活俗常都有或多或少的影响,这增强了中华各民族间的精神联结,促进了民族混居地区各族生活习俗的趋同性,在一定程度上促进了文化认同与民族融合。但是民间宗教在当代社会中的现实处境,致使其文化功能部分丧失。

Culture plays an important role in integration of pluralism of the Chinese as a nation.On the one hand,Confucianism underlies the interethnic ethics toned with tolerance;on the other hand,religious traditions have helped to shape the common spirit of the nation in daily life.Inherited the pre-Qin voodooism and mixed with Confucianism,Buddhism and Daoism,animism has influenced the religious belief and daily life of ethnic groups in China,which promote the spiritual connections among ethnic groups and conformity of the customs in the region of mixed residence which contributes to the cultural identity and assimilation.However,the cultural function of the religion has been absent in the reality of the present religious practices.