上行比较影响行为表现—不同类型高自尊的作用

Upward Comparison Affect Performance—the Effect of Different Types of High Self-esteem

已有研究表明,上行比较对高自尊个体产生积极效应。然而鉴于高自尊包括安全性高自尊和防御性高自尊,有必要在上行比较影响不同任务领域内的行为表现这一观点的基础上探讨高自尊的不同类型对上行比较与行为表现之间关系的影响。两个实验均采用高自尊类型、上行比较和任务领域一致性的2×2×2混合因素设计,不同之处在于其分别采用创造性测验和非创造性的语词测验作为不同领域任务。结果表明,防御性高自尊个体没有像安全性高自尊个体那样采取领域转换策略来修复自我关注,由上行比较所引起的领域转换只对安全性高自尊个体产生积极影响。

Some studies have suggested that upward comparison have a positive effect on the individuals with high self - esteem. Howev- er, high self - esteem is identified with two types ： the defensive high self - esteem and the secure high self - esteem. It＇ s necessary to explore the functions of the types of high self - esteem on the relationship between upward comparison and performance. In two experi- ments, we both used a mixed experimental design of 2 （the type of high self- esteem） × 2 （upward comparison） × 2 （the consistency of task domains）. The difference of two experiments is that they respectively used the creativity test and idiom game as the different do- main task. The results suggest that only the secure high self - esteem individuals are likely to obviously take the strategy of changing do- mains after they are subjected to threats of upward comparison.