中国边疆农民60年耕地变迁探究——以云南省红河县大科寨哈尼村为例

Inquiry into Changing Frontier Farmers for Cultivated Land in 60 Years Oldof China——Take Hani people of Da Ke Zhai village of Honghe County in Yun Nan Province as an example

笔者在祖国西南边陲的一个哈尼族村寨农民土地、人口、生产生活等变迁情况调查中发现,1949年中华人民共和国成立至今,该村农民土地政策发生了几次重大的变迁。本文重点阐释1956年,在中国共产党领导下该地区第一次农民土地改革,此次土地改革彻底废除了封建剥削土地制度,使广大贫下中农无偿分到了土地,农民真正成了土地的主人。文中除阐释第一次土地改革外,还揭示了1978年党的十一届三中全会后,边疆农村实行的家庭联产承包责任制。这种政策调动了广大农民的积极性,现在农民人均耕地面积虽然比原来减少,但农民人均经济收入比原来提高了百倍,这是中国共产党执政有方的结果。

In a border region of Hani people stockaded village of southwest motherland,the author＇s investigation about vicissitude situationson of farmers＇ land, population, production life and so on discovers that agrarian policy of this village has had several significant vicissitudes since People＇s Republic of China establishment in 1949.This article makes a key explanation of the first farmer land reform happened in this area in 1956 which was under the lead of the Communist Party of China.This land reform abolished the feudal exploitation land system thoroughly, and made the general poor peasants free to divide the land.The farmers became the land mastertruly.Besides countryside implements family joint production contract management systemof this border area which was born after the party＇s 11 Third Session happened in 1978.This kind of policy aroused the general farmer＇s enthusiasm.Now although farmer average per person cultivated area reduced compared to the original,but the farmer average per person income enhanced about a hundred times compared to the original.This is result of Communist Party of China being in power.