(唐)施肩吾生卒年限推断

The Analysis of Shi Jianwu's Birth-and-death Dates

本文从施肩吾的诗文作品着手,找寻能够显示施肩吾年龄或生存年代的线索,从施肩吾曾下第的经历,以及诗句"年来如抛梭,不老应不得"中折射出的沧桑感,判断出施肩吾进士及第时已人到中年,由此推出他可能出生于唐德宗建中-贞元年间。又据施肩吾的《述灵响词序》和《西山集》序言提供的两个时间线索,推出唐文宗开成六年施肩吾仍然在世。而且,施肩吾的《与徐凝书》和《喜友再相逢》,也证实了他的迟暮。最后结合《吴兴备志》和《施氏宗谱》的说法,综合考量,暂定施肩吾的生卒年限为唐德宗建中元年(780)——唐懿宗咸通二年(861)之间。

The thesis tries to find out some clues about Shi Jianwu＇s birth-and-death dates from his literature.Firstly,according to the experience that Shi Jianwu once failed in the examination getting the qualification to be an official,as well as his poem ＂Time flies,only if be old can get the qualification＂ which reflected a sense of vicissitudes,it could tell that Shi Jianwu was an old man when he passed the examination.So he may be born between ＂Jian-Zhong＂ to ＂Zhen-Yuan＂ under the rule of emperor ＂DeZhong＂ on Tang Dynasty.Then,another two articles written by Shi Jianwu contained two time clues,which told Shi Jianwu had still been alive in the sixth year of ＂Kai-Cheng＂ under the rule of emperor ＂Wen Zhong＂ on Tang Dynasty.And it could be proved that Shi Jianwu＇s longevity through a letter to Ning Xu and happy to be met again with friend written by Shi Jianwu too.Above all,combining the records from Wu-Xing records and genealogy of Shi as the last name,Jianwu Shi＇ birth-and-death dates could be limited between the first year of ＂Jian-Zhong＂ ruled by emperor ＂De Zhong＂ to the second year of ＂Xian-Tong＂ ruled by ＂Yi Zhong＂ on Tang Dynasty,which means that Jianwu Shi may be born in AD 780 and dead in AD 861.