自我管理训练方式对慢性精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响

THE EFFECTS OF TWO KINDS OF SELF-MANAGEMENT TRAINING ON SELF-MAINTENANCE BEHAVIOR IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA

目的探讨两种不同的自我管理训练方式对慢性精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响。方法将住院慢性精神分裂症患者随机分为干预组与对照组,对照组采用集体自我管理训练方式,干预组在针对患者自我管理能力的基础上实施个体化自我管理训练,时间为6 w。采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)对其自理行为进行评估。结果干预组患者ADL的躯体生活自理能力和工具性日常生活能力显著优于对照组(p<0.01);SDSS的社会功能改善程度也显著优于对照组(p<0.05或p<0.01)。结论个体化自我管理训练有助于增进患者自我照顾能力,可减缓慢性精神分裂症患者的功能衰退,提高其自理行为,有利于患者的全面康复。

Objective To explore the effects of two different kinds of self-management training on self-maintenance behavior in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods Inpatients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into intervention group and the control group.The control group were given collective self-management training care.The intervention group was performed with individual self-maintenance training care on the basis of the ability of self-management for six weeks.Activity of Daily Living（ADL） and Social Disability Screening Schedule（SDSS） were used to evaluate the effects of the self-maintenance behavior. Results Physical self-maintenance activities and instrumental activities of daily living of ADL showed significantly better in intervention group than in the control group（p0.01）.The social function improvements of SDSS in intervention group were far superior to the control one（p0.05 or p0.01）. Conclusion Individual self-management training was helpful for patients to improve their self-maintenance activities and to slow down function decline.It also enhanced their self-maintenance behavior and comprehensive recovery.