红透山铜矿微震监测系统的建立及应用研究

Studies on Establishment and Application of Microseismic Monitoring System in Hongtoushan Copper Mine

针对红透山铜矿岩爆等地压灾害频发现状,建立深部地压微震监测系统,对微震活动性与采矿活动之间的关系、微震事件的空间活动规律进行了分析,并采用累积视体积和能量指数对大尺度岩体破裂进行了预测研究。采用人工定位爆破的定位结果表明:微震监测系统的定位误差小于10 m,能够满足矿山微震监测的需要。微震活动性主要分为2个平静期和3个活跃期。并呈现逐步下降趋势,微震活动性呈现主震——余震型模式。大尺度岩体破裂前存在孕育期和预警期,能量指数快速下降,累积视体积持续增长,可以看作岩爆和大尺度岩体破裂发生的前兆。通过能量指数和位移分布云图,可以对岩体发生灾害的潜在危险区域进行判断,指导矿山进行重点防护管理,保证安全生产。

In this paper,in view of the serious conditions of ground pressure（rock burst,etc） appeared in Hongtoushan copper mine,we established a microseismic monitoring system in the mine,and analyzed the relationship between the microseismic activities and mining operation,and the spatial distribution of microseismic events,applied the energy index and apparent volume to forecast the occurrence of large scale rock fracturing.The location results using manual fixed-point blasting show that the location error of microseismic monitoring system is less than 10m,which suggests that the system can reach the requirement for ground pressure disaster monitoring in mine.Microseismic activities can be divided into two quiet periods and three active periods.There exits the incubation and early-warming periods before the large scale rock fracturing.The quick drop of energy index and the continuous increase of apparent volume can be used as the precursory characteristics of rock burst and large scale rock fracturing.Through the cloud charts of energy index and displacement,the potential danger areas of ground pressure disasters can be judged,which can be used to guide the safety management and ensure safety production in deep mine.