112名大学生考试应激心理反应与学习成绩的比较研究

Comparative study on stress psychological reactions and achievements of 112 college students

目的通过大学生考试前心理测试结果与考试成绩的比较,以发现心理因素与学习成绩的关系。方法选择南京林业大学112名大学生,在期末考试前,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行心理测验,并与全国常模组对比,再用高分组与低分组做比较、文科组与理科组相比较进行统计学分析。结果 SCL-90结果显示,除敌对、恐怖因子分外,考试前大学生在躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病因子分与全国常模相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);高分组与低分组相比较,除敌对、恐怖、精神病外,其余差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);文科组与理科组相比较,除强迫、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执外,在躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、精神病因子分方面,差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论大学生在考试前的心理应激反应明显增多,且对学习成绩有一定的影响。

Objective To explore the relationship between psychological factors and academic achievements by comparing the results of the pre-exam psychological test and the exam scores of college students. Methods A total of 112 college students from Nanjing Forestry University were chosen to do a psychological test with SCL-90 whose results were compared with those of the national norm. The results of high-score group were compared with those of the low-score group, the results of group of students of liberal arts with those of group of sciences, and finally a statistical analysis was performed thereafter. Results The result of SCL - 90 showed there was a statistical significance （P 〈 0.05） in the differences of results of the sample and the national norm in SOM, O-C, I-S, DEP, ANX, PAR and PSY, except HOS and PHOB; In addition, the differences between the group of high scores and that of the low scores were also statistically significant （P〈0.05）in SOM, O-C, I-S, DEP, ANX and PAR except HOS, PHOB and PSY. Then the differences between the results of group of students of liberal arts with those of group of sciences were also statistically significant （P 〈0.05）in SOM, I-S, DEP, and PSY except O-C, ANX, PHOB and PAR. Conclusions College students show an obvious increase of stress before the final exam, which in turn exerts a certain influence on their academic achievements.