生物柴油催化合成研究进展

Research progress of biodiesel preparation with different catalysts

生物柴油(Fatty Acid Methyl Esters,FAME)是一种具有优良燃烧性能的石化柴油替代燃料,可在一种催化剂的作用下,通过脂肪酸或动植物油脂与甲醇的酯化或酯交换反应来制备.如能选择得到一种具有高的催化活性、选择性和稳定性,并且分离简单、可循环利用、对设备腐蚀小和对环境污染小的催化剂,这对于生物柴油的合成非常重要.文章概述了各种催化剂的优缺点,并对其在生物柴油制备中的应用进展进行了介绍,为今后发展一种适合的催化剂来制备合成品质良好的生物柴油奠定了良好的基础.

Biodiesel is a potential alternative for petroleum-based diesel that is also known as FAME （Fatty Acid Methyl Ester）. It can be produced by either the esterification of free fatty acids （FFAs） with methanol or transesterification of triglycerides （the main component of vegetable oils and animal fats） with methanol with the existence of a catalyst. It is important to find out a catalyst that has high catalytic activity, selectivity and stability, as well as can be easily separated from the product by filtration, recycled for reuse, causes low corrosion and pollution for the production of biodiesel. The advantages and disadvantages of deferent catalysts are analyzed, and more, the applications of them in the production of biodiesel also are introduced. This can be helpful to build a solid foundation for the obtaining a suitable catalyst to prepare biodiesel with high quality.