论中晚清妇女的生存状态——以《浮生六记》和《京华烟云》为中心

The Women's Living State in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty——Based on Six Chapters of a Floating life and The Moment in Peking

文章以《浮生六记》和《京华烟云》中两位女主人公陈芸和姚木兰的命运遭际来揭示中晚清妇女的生存状态。在中国传统社会结构内,女性所负载的沉重枷锁绵延已久,在整个封建时代她们都被视为是男权主义的附庸而并未获得个体存在的价值。中晚清时期女性的社会地位虽然得到了一定改善,但她们仍然承受着身体和心灵的双重压迫,甚至沦为"三从四德"等封建旧思想的奴隶。即使是思想开明,追求自由性灵的先驱女性,也未能彻底摆脱这种思想的桎梏与迫害。

This article illustrates the living state of females in the middle and late Qing Dynasty through the fate of Chen Yun and Yao Mulan,the two heroines in the two novels, Six Chapters of a Floating life and The Moment in Peking. Women had been imposed a heavy bondage in China＇s traditional social structure for a longtime, who were regarded as the attachment of males and did not obtain their individual existence value in the whole feudal period. In the middle and late period of Qing Dynasty, even though females＇ situation had been improved, they were still oppressed both physically and psychologically, and even became the slaves of feudal thoughts, such as the three obediences and the four virtues etc.. Even some enlightened women who pursued freedom can not avoid the shackles and persecutions of these old feudal thoughts.