公平视角下农村居民乙肝认知影响因素的贡献度分析--基于三省的实证研究

Analysis on contribution of rural residents' Hepatitis B cognition's factors in the perspective of equity:An empirical research on 3 provinces

目的:研究农村居民乙肝认知水平分布公平程度及其影响因素的贡献率大小。方法:利用集中指数线性分解法分析农村居民个人、家庭基本情况及乙肝认知相关数据,采用多阶段随机抽样与容量比例概率抽样相结合的方法在样本省的农村地区抽取样本2927人。结果:乙肝认知得分的集中指数为0.0476,表明得分高者多分布在较富的人群中,存在不公平的现象。方差分析发现,年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、职业、收入及省份对乙肝认知水平的影响均有统计学意义,回归模型与其结果基本保持一致,唯一不同点是婚姻状况不再是显著性因素。集中指数分解结果显示:社会经济因素对其贡献最大,占55.05%,其次为地域差异和人口学特征。结论:针对处于社会经济弱势地位人群的乙肝知识宣教是消除认知不公平的首要途径,而重点地区为经济发展较为落后与少数民族聚居的省份。

Objective ： Our research focuses on analyzing unequal distribution of Hepatitis B cognitive level and contribution of its affecting factors in order to provide strategic interventions for reducing the inequality among rural residents. Methods： Concentration index linear decomposition was applied to the analysis of basic individual, household level information and Hepatitis B related knowledge data were collected from 2 927 individuals in 3 provinces. Sampling method combines multi-stage random sampling and probability proportional to size （PPS）. Results： Concentration index of HB knowledge score was 0. 0476, indicating pro-rich distribution, namely, phenomenon of inequality existed. ANOVA result shows that statistically significant factors affecting the HB cognitive level includes age, education level, marital status, occupation, income and province, which is basically consistent with the regression model.The only difference is that marital status is not significant any more. The result of decomposition method demonstrates that socio-economic status made the largest contribution to the inequality, accounting for 55.05%, followed by geographic and demographic factors. Conclusion： HB-related health education targeting individuals with low socio-economic status is a main approach to reduce the inequality, focusing on less-developed provinces, especially with high proportion of minority residents.