抗氧化剂协同脂肪提高战士耐寒力的研究

STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN SYNERGISM WITH FAT TO INCREASE COLD-TOLERANCE OF RECRUITS

目的 :观察抗氧化剂协同脂肪提同战士耐寒力的效果。方法 :选寒区冬季入伍新兵158名 ,分为Ⅰ组高脂膳组 (脂肪生热比 30 % )、Ⅱ组高脂加VC(6 0 0mg·d 1)组、Ⅲ组高脂加VE(30 0mg·d 1)组、Ⅳ组普食 (脂肪生热比 2 3% )加Zn(30mg·d 1)组、Ⅴ组普食对照组 (按连队正常供应 ,脂肪生热比 2 3% ) ,食用 2 5d。测定实验前、后的血管寒冷反应指数 (VRCI)和着冬装于 - 7～- 9℃、无风环境坐 2 4h后的肛温、胸部皮温、胫骨前中部皮温、大拇趾皮温下降幅度和实验前后代谢变化。结果 :实验前新兵刚到部队时 ,VRCI弱反应占 73.54% ,中等反应 2 1.93% ,强反应占4 .53%。实验后分别为 92 .17%、7.18%和 0 .6 5%。实验后ⅠⅡⅢⅣ组冷暴露后肛温下降幅度明显小于实验前 (P <0 .0 5和 0 .0 1) ,ⅡⅢⅣ胸部及胫骨前中部皮温下降幅度明显小于实验前 (P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1)。Ⅴ组实验前后无明显差异。食高脂 2 5d不影响脂代谢。结论 :高脂膳可提高耐寒力 ,抗氧化剂能协同脂肪提高耐寒力。建议寒区入伍新兵可食 1个月高脂膳食以提高耐寒力 ,如有条件可补充VC、VE或Zn。

Objective:To observe the effects of antioxidant in synergism with fat on recruits cold-tolerance.Methods:158 recruits in cold area were randomized into 5 groups, group 1 as high fat group(30% energy from fat); group 2 high fat(30%), and VC(600mg·d 1 );group 3 hgh fat(30%) and VC(600 mg·d 1 ); group 3 high fat(30%) and VE(300 mg·d 1 ); group 4 ordinary diet(23% energy from fat) and zinc(30mg·d 1 );group 5 ordinary diet as control. The test lasted 25 days. The VPCI(index of vaso-response to cold), rectal and skin temperature before and after cold exposure(-7 ℃～-9 ℃,4 hrs, no wind, with winter clothes), and lipid metabolism were assayed before and after the experiment.Results:①VRCI, before the experiment, 73.54% were week reaction, 21.94%medium reaction and 4.53% strong reaction; after the test,the reaction were 92.17%, 7.18% and 0.65% respectively. ②The decrease of rectal temperaure after cold expoure in group1,2,3,4 after the test were significantly less than those before the test(P<0.05,P<0.01);the decrease of chest skin temperature and pretibial skin temoerature in group 2,3,4 were much less than those before the test; there was no significant change in group 5. Diet intake of high fat for 25 days could not affect the lipid metabolism of human. Conclusion:High fat diet could enhance cold-tolerance,and antioxidants could coordinate with the high fat food to improve cold-tolerance, better than fat only. We suggested that supply of high fat to recruits in the cold region for 1 month could accelerate cold acclimation, and addition of VC,VE or zinc could enhance the effect.