塑料薄膜和箱式气调对巨峰葡萄贮藏品质和采后生理影响的研究

Effects of Modified Atmosphere Film and Box Storage on Quality and Postharvest Physiology of Kyoho Grape Cultivar

研究了低温(0±0.5℃)贮藏期间巨峰葡萄在塑料薄膜和箱式自发气调过程中的品质和生理的变化。结果表明,与箱式气调相比,塑料薄膜气调能够形成比较稳定的适宜葡萄贮藏的气体环境(CO2浓度4%左右),可有效地延缓可滴定酸(TA)及抗坏血酸(VC)含量的下降和醇糖比的升高,抑制PG活性及原果胶的分解,较好地保持了葡萄果实的硬度和咀嚼性,提高葡萄的耐贮性,维持采后良好的商品性。其中聚氯乙烯膜(PVC,厚度0.06 mm)的贮藏效果好于聚乙烯膜(PE,厚度0.03 mm);而箱式气调会形成较高浓度的CO2气体环境,引起葡萄高CO2气体伤害,导致果实失水、脱粒、酒化和褐变,不利于葡萄的长期贮藏。

Experiment was conducted with the Kyoho grape cultivar for studying the effects of MA（modified atmosphere）film and MA box preservation on postharvest physiology and storage quality of grape.Fruits were stored at temperature of（0±0.5） ℃.The results showed that,MA film preservation was effective to produce a more stable atmosphere environment（concentration of CO2 was about 4%）,alleviate the decline of titratable acidity（TA）,vitamin C（VC） content and the raising of alcohol-sugar ratio,inhibit increasing of PG enzyme activity and lighten the consumption of protopectin.Meanwhile,it could maintain the hardness and chewiness of grape berry.Therefore it could improve the storability and maintain good marketabitity of postharvest grape.And polyvinyl chloride（PVC,thickness was 0.06 mm） film was a little more advantageous to storage quality of grape than polyethylene（PE,thickness was 0.03 mm） film.In stark contrast,grapes in MA box were caused high CO2 injury.So it lead to weight loss,threshing,alcoholization and browning easily,and it was not suitable for longtime storage of grape.