语言研究的依据和最终目的——洪堡特语言思想探究

Basis and final goal for language study——exploration on Humboldt's language thought

欧洲思想史上的语言观,在客观性和普遍性的侧旁,延伸出主体性和人文性的一脉,涓涓细流,终在19世纪德国语言学家洪堡特那里激宕成大潮。洪堡特为主体性语言观注入的新生命就是语言作为一种精神活动形式,是具有丰富的民族文化内涵的观念体系。语言研究的根据和最终目的,是不同文化的世界观的差异。离开了语言的精神内涵,无法认识语言形式。这是洪堡特语言思想对汉语汉字研究的深刻启示。

The language outlooks in history of European thought extended a branch of subjectivity and humanity from the main stream of objectivity and universality. This branch was gaining ground by Humboldt, the Germany linguist in 19th century, who put forward the theory that language, as a mental activity, is a concept system with a rich cultural connotations. Language research rests on and finally aims for the understanding of different cultural view of the world. We cant recognize language forms without this understanding, which calls for deep thought on research of Chinese language and Chinese characters.