国民革命中的农民动员与阶级斗争

The Class Struggle in the National Revolution——Mobilization of Peasants by Kuomintang as an Example

阶级斗争问题是国民革命中的一个重要问题。早期国民党人对阶级斗争问题有深刻而且精当的认识,但在主张上仍反对在进行阶级斗争。国民党一大改组以后,在扶助农工政策指导下广泛动员民众参加国民革命,动员过程中不仅出现了大量的阶级斗争事实,而且阶级斗争成为国民党基层工作人员组织动员农民的有力武器。但随着国民革命形势的发展,国民党对阶级斗争的态度发生了转变,实际则是逐步站到了工农阶级的对立面,推行的是反对工农阶级的阶级斗争。国民党的转变有其历史根源,也与其对国民革命中阶级斗争问题的认识有关,深刻原因则在于国民党根本立场的转变。

The issue of class struggle is very important in the National Revolution. Kuomintang had profound and precise knowledge about this issue. But they still claimed against the class struggle. Otherwise, since the first national congress of Kuomintang, under the policy of helping peasants and workers, the public was extensively mobilized to enter the National Revolution. Set the peasant mobilization as an example, a large number of class struggle was there, and class struggle had been a powerful weapon as the grassroors administrative staff of Kt^omintang organized and mobilized the peasants. With the National Revolution pushing on, the class strug- gle got further development, too. Class struggle became the great help for Kuomintang to fight against counter - revolutionary with the slogan of defeating the tyrants and evil gentry. But with the development of the National Revolution, Kuomintang changed the attitude towards class struggle. They actually stood a station of against the worker - peasant class, carrying out the class struggle of against worker - peasant class. This change of Kuomintang had deep historical origin. It related to the knowledge about class struggle of Kuomintang, and the profound reason was the change of the position where to stand.