2010年北京市昌平区手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiology of hand foot and mouth disease in Changping district in Beijing,2010

目的分析北京市昌平区2010年手足口病的流行特征,探讨流行规律,为制定有效的防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2010年昌平区手足口病的疫情资料进行分析,运用Excel 2007和SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果病例主要分布在人口密集且流动人口较多的城乡结合部;发病高峰为5-7月;5岁及以下年龄组病例占总病例数的93.47%,发病以幼托儿童、散居儿童和学生为主,占总病例数的98.95%,男女性别比为1.57∶1。聚集性疫情主要集中在托幼机构。重症和死亡病例中3岁及以下儿童分别占80.46%和100%,病原以EV71和其他肠道病毒感染为主。结论手足口病的发病存在明显季节、地区、性别、年龄差异,防控工作重点为控制托幼机构聚集性疫情,加强重症病例的早期识别和医疗救治,减少死亡。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease（HFMD） in Changping district in 2010 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD in Changping and statistical analysis was conducted by using Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 software.Results The cases were distributed in the zone joining urban and rural areas where large number of floating population lived.The incidence of the disease peaked during May-July.The majority of cases were children aged 5 years,accounting for 93.47%.Most cases were children in child care settings,children outside child care settings and students,accounting for 98.95%.The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.57∶1.The clustering of HFMD cases mainly occurred in child care settings.Up to 80.46% of the severe and all deaths occurred in children aged ≤3 years.EV71 and other enteric virus were the major pathogens Conclusion The time,area,gender and age specific differences on the incidence of HFMD were significant.The emphasis of the disease prevention and control should focus on the HFMD cases clustering in child care settings,and the early diagnosis and treatment of severe cases should be strengthened to reduce the case fatality.