中国水资源对区域社会经济发展的支撑能力

Water Resources Supporting Capacity to Regional Socio-economic Development of China

综合考虑区域自产水和上游来水条件,构建了水资源支撑指数(WSPI),定量描述区域水资源短缺程度,表征水资源条件对区域社会经济发展的支撑能力。通过构建全国评价模型,计算了210个水资源三级区以及省、县两级行政单元的WSPI。据此划分了水资源支撑能力等级,探讨了我国水资源支撑能力空间格局,分析了其与人口、GDP指标的关系,着重讨论了缺水区域空间分布及其缺水机理的差异性。该方法评价结果与我国实际水资源短缺问题基本一致,表现了较强的适用性,可以为水资源政策制定以及社会经济发展规划等宏观决策提供科学支撑。

An indicator called Water Supporting Index（WSPI） was built to measure the degree of water scarcity,which considered water resources and water withdrawal of both local and upstream areas.An evaluation model was established to calculate WSPI of 210 sub-basins and also in province scale and county scale.Water resources supporting capacity classes to regional socio-economic development was divided by WSPI.The spatial status of the capacity classes and its relationship with population and Gross Domestic Product were analyzed.Furthermore,the differences in regions suffering water scarcity were discussed.The result of WSPI was very similar to the actual water scarcity situation of China.Therefore,WSPI can be used in water resources management and socio-economic development decision-making.