三维有限元法分析膝关节内侧副韧带的生物力学功能

Three-dimensional finite element analysis on biomechanical functions of medial collateral ligament in knee joint

目的通过建立膝关节三维有限元模型,研究内侧副韧带维持膝关节稳定性的作用。方法膝关节韧带用金属丝标记,止点采用钻孔标记,行CT扫描,应用Mimics、Geomagic和Ansys软件对数据进行三维重建,建立膝关节三维有限元模型,在膝关节5个不同的屈曲角度下模拟膝关节的前后平移、外翻和内外旋运动。结果膝关节在屈曲0°、30°6、0°、90°和120°时,MCL的应力为4.84、3.55、2.17、1.26和0 MPa;膝关节在5个角度下向前平移时,MCL的应力为7.22、5.78、4.07、2.84和1.4 MPa;向后平移时,应力为8.14、6.454、.19、2.92和1.6 MPa;内旋时,应力为6.815、.233、.292、.25和0.97 MPa;外旋时,应力为6.285、.003、.342、.21和0.82 MPa;外翻时,应力为11.00、9.55、7.25、5.94和3.11 MPa。结论通过建立膝关节三维有限元模型模拟膝关节前后移、外翻和内外旋各动作,可以有效地分析膝关节内侧副韧带的生物力学功能。

Objective To study the role of medial collateral ligament（MCL） in maintaining the stability of the knee joint by constructing the three-dimensional（3D） finite element model of the knee joint.Methods CT scans were performed after the MCL was marked by steel wires and the end point was marked by the dill hole.Then the 3D finite element model of the knee joint including ligaments was constructed with Mimics,Geomagic and Ansys software to simulate the anterior-posterior translation,valgus and internal-external rotation of the knee joint at different flexion angles.Results With the knee at 0,30,60,90 and 120 degree of flexion,the initial stresses of MCL were 4.84,3.55,2.17,1.26 and 0 MPa,respectively.When the knee joint was subjected to anterior translation loading,the stresses were 7.22,5.78,4.07,2.84 and 1.4 MPa,respectively.When the knee joint was subjected to posterior translation loading,the stresses were 8.14,6.45,4.19,2.92 and 1.6 MPa,respectively.When the knee joint was subjected to internal rotation loading,the stresses were 6.81,5.23,3.29,2.25 and 0.97 MPa,respectively.When the knee joint was subjected to external rotation loading,the stresses were 6.28,5.00,3.34,2.21 and 0.82 MPa,respectively.When the knee joint was subjected to valgus loading,the stresses were 11.00,9.55,7.25,5.94 and 3.11MPa,respectively.Conclusions The biomechanical function of MCL can be effectively analyzed by establishing the 3D finite element model of the knee joint to simulate the anterior-posterior translation,valgus and internal-external rotation of the knee joint.