云南省高海拔农村多民族聚居区40岁及以上人群白内障患病率调查

Prevalence survey of cataract among adults aged 40 or above in a multiethnic rural district in the high altitude area of Yunnan province

目的调查云南省高海拔农村多民族聚居区贡山县40岁及以上人群白内障患病率、自内障盲患病率，了解当地白内障的患病情况及致盲情况。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法选取贡山县40岁及以上常住居民做为调查对象，在没有散瞳禁忌情况下，散瞳检查白内障情况。白内障诊断采用LOCSⅢ标准。调查程序包括问卷调查、视力和眼部检查。结果3070名入选对象中，40岁及以上者为1236名，1116名接受检查，调查率为90．29％。40岁以上年龄相关性白内障患病率为23．84％。随着年龄增加，白内障患病率明显增高，70岁及以上与文盲者的患病率较高，分别为64．02％和30．67％。以双眼最佳矫正视力低于0．05为标准，白内障肓患病率为1．25％。以双眼日常生活视力低于0．1为标准，白内障盲患病率为3．58％。在70岁以上人群、女性、文盲及居住地在海拔1500～2000m者巾，自内障和白内障盲患病率较高。结论云南省贡山县白内障及白内障肓患病率较高，健全贡山县的农村眼保健网，使农民享受基本眼保健服务。

Objective To estimate the prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness among adults aged 40 or above in Gongshan county of Yunnan Province, Methods Cluster sampling was used in randomly selected individuals in 4 sub-districts of Gongshan County. The protocol consisted of ques- tionnaire, visual acuity testing and ocular clinical examination. Cataract was graded clinically using the Lens Opacity Classification System （LOCS） III system. Results Among 1236 eligible residents, 1116 （90.29%） were finally enrolled in the present study. The prevalence of cataract was 23.84% among adults aged 40 or above. The prevalence of cataract in individuals aged 70 or above and illiteracy was significantly higher statistically. When the bilateral best refractive vision 〈3/60 was defined as the blindness criterion, the prevalence of cataract blindness was 1.25%. When the bilateral presenting vi- sion 〈6/60 was defined as the blindness criterion, the prevalence of cataract blindness was 3.58%. The prevalence of blindness were much higher in woman, illiterates, higher altitude and persons aged 70 or above. Conclusions The prevalence of cataract and cataract blindness is higher, and cataract blindness is a serious public health problem in aged individuals and illiteracy in Gongshan County.