林业技术效率及其影响因素研究——基于随机前沿生产函数

Study of Forestry Industry’s Technical Efficiency and its Influencing Factor——Based on Stochastic Frontier Production Function Model

文章运用随机前沿生产函数估计了林业生产投入要素劳动力和资本的产出弹性，测量了各省区2002-2009年的林业技术效率，并分析了林业技术效率的影响因素。结果表明：林业产业存在明显的技术效率损失，随机前沿生产函数的误差主要是由技术非效率引起；林业产业劳动力和资本的产出弹性分别为0．58和0．47，林业生产仍处于规模报酬递增阶段。总体上，各省区林业技术效率水平相差不大，且林业的平均技术效率水平呈现缓慢上升的趋势；森林病虫鼠害的发生率显著降低了林业技术效率，而基层林业工作站人员文化水平的提高能有效的改善林业生产的技术效率。

This paper calculated forestry industry＇ s labor force and capital＇ s output elasticity by stochastic frontier production function model. Then forestry industry＇ s technical efficiency of each province in China from 2002 to 2009 had been measured and forestry industry＇ s influencing factor had been analyzed. The conclusions are as fol- lows： firstly, the forestry industry had evident loss in technical efficiency and the error of stochastic frontier produc- tion function model was aroused mainly by technical efficiency loss. Secondly, forestry industry＇ s labor force and capital＇s output elasticity were 0.58 and 0.47 respectively and the forestry industry was at the stage of increasing re- turns to scale. Thirdly, as a whole, there was almost no difference among each province＇ s forestry industry＇ s tech- nical efficiency and the average technical efficiency tended to rise slowly. Lasdy, the incidence rate of forest＇s dis- eases, insect and rats pests decreased forestry industry＇ s technical efficiency obviously while the improvement of forestry industry＇ s basic labor force＇s literacy promoted forestry industry＇s technical efficiency effectively. On the basis of the above analysis, the government was supposed to improve labor force＇s literacy, invest more labor force and capital to forestry industry and make more effort to forest pest control.