云南松茸采集制度及其经济收益的比较研究——滇西北三村案例

The Comparative Study of Community Matsutake Mushroom Management and Its Economic Implications——A Cases Study of 3 Villages in Northwestern Yunnan

基于滇西北3个村的开放、集体、私人三种松茸采集制度的形成原因、实施特点、生计影响的比较分析，通过三种不同采集制度下所采1254个松茸的长度、重量、生长天数以及经济收益的实地测量和比较分析，并建立采集特征模型，从经济层面得到云南松茸被过度使用的证据和结论，探讨了公共产权资源私人化采集的可行性，并提出云南松茸采集管理的长效机制和途径。

Matsutake mushrooms are a valuable wild forest product that contributes greatly to local livelihoods in Yunnan. Compare Matsutake harvests in 3 villages in northwestern Yunnan with three different resource gover- nance regimes： one open, one common and one private access village. In these villages we collected data on the lengths, weights, ages and economic revenues of 1254 Matsutake mushrooms as well as village- and household-lev- el information. Through a comparative analysis of these data, we examine the causes, implementation and livelihood effects in these 3 different institutional settings. This paper concludes that Matsutake mushrooms are economically over-exploited, and discusses the possibility of transidoning common property systems to private collection, and pro- poses a long-term mechanism and current approach for managing Matsutake collection in Yunnan.