农户宅基地退出意愿及其影响因素分析——基于安徽省6县1413个农户调查的实证研究

A Study Analysis of Farmers' Willingness to Withdraw from Rural Homesteads and Influencing Factors Based on a Survey of 1,413 Farm Households in Six Counties of Anhui Province

了解农户对宅基地的退出意愿和利益诉求,对合理、有序、公正地推进农户宅基地退出具有重要的现实意义。通过对安徽省6县1413个农户的问卷调查分析,文章得出以下结论:农村居民居住条件得到改善,砖混结构占大多数;宅基地以及房屋的闲置情况也较为严重,有85.5%的宅基地没有被有效利用;在一定的前提下,有90%的农户愿意退出宅基地,其中影响农户退出宅基地的因素依次为就业、养老、生活费用和农业生产;农户所在区位、年龄和参保情况对农户宅基地退出意愿有一定的影响;远郊农民的宅基地退出意愿更强。基于以上结论,文章最后提出社保先行于宅基地退出,以及优先考虑远郊农民等政策建议。

Understanding rural households＇ willingness or requirements for withdrawing from homesteads is of important significance for carrying out the rational, orderly and fair withdrawal of farmers from rural homesteads. This paper, based on a survey of 1,413 households in six counties in Anhui Province, analyzes households＇ willingness to withdraw from their homesteads and the influencing factors. The results show that rural residents＇ living conditions have improved, with the majority of structures are built from bricks and concrete; a large number of houses and homesteads （85.5% in some areas） are left unused; with certain prerequisites, 90% of rural households are willing to leave ru- ral homesteads, and factors influencing them in order of priority are employment, pensions, living expenditures and agriculture production; location, age and access to social insurance can influence farmers＇ willingness to withdraw from rural homesteads; those in homesteads on the outskirts of cities should greater willingness to leave. This paper takes offers the policy advice that we should respect and protect farmers＇ rights and interests in withdrawing from rural homesteads.