香蕉A基因组6个品种的核型分析

Karyotype Analysis of Six Banana Cultivars in Relation to A Genomes

以6个A基因组香蕉(Musaspp.)品种为材料,采用改良的去壁低渗法对其核型特征进行分析。‘天宝蕉’(AAA)核型公式为2n=3x=33=3M+27m(3SAT)+3sm,属"1A"核型;‘海南贡蕉’(AA)核型公式为2n=2x=22=2M+18m(2SAT)+2sm,属"2A"核型;‘玫瑰蕉’(AA)、‘贡蕉’(AA)、‘抗枯1号’(AAA)和‘抗枯5号’(AAA)核型公式分别为2n=2x=22=2M+16m(SAT)+2sm+2st,2n=2x=22=4M+16m(SAT)+2sm,2n=3x=33=6M+15m(3SAT)+12sm和2n=3x=33=6M+15m(3SAT)+12sm(3SAT),属"2B"核型。基于核型分析结果,绘制了6个香蕉品种的核型模式图。

Karyotype analysis was performed to investigate the chromosome features of 6 banana （Musa spp.） cultivars in relation to A genomes by using the method of wall degradation hypotonic. Results showed that the analysed cultivars of diploid or triploid that contained only A genomes,viz. AA or AAA,varied in karyotype characteristics. The karyotype formula and its type were 2n = 3x = 33 = 3M ＋ 27m（3SAT）＋ 3sm and＂1A＂for‘Tianbaojiao’（AAA）,2n = 2x = 22 = 2M ＋ 18m（2SAT）＋ 2sm and＂2A＂for’Hainan Gongjiao’（AA）,respectively. The karyotype formula for‘Rose’（AA）,‘Pisang Mas’（AA）,‘Kangku 1’（AAA）and‘Kangku 5’（AAA）were 2n = 2x = 22 = 2M ＋ 16m（SAT）＋ 2sm ＋ 2st,2n = 2 x = 22 = 4M ＋ 16m（SAT）＋ 2sm,2n = 3x = 33 = 6M ＋ 15m（3SAT）＋ 12sm,2n = 3 x = 33 = 6M ＋ 15m（3SAT）＋12sm（3SAT）,respectively,whereas all these four cultivars exhibited a karyotype asymmetry of type＂2B＂. The idiogram was established for the analysed banana cultivars.