中国原产果梅自交亲和变异品种花粉决定基因SFB的插入突变

Insertion Mutation of Pollen SFB Gene in Self-compatibility of Japanese Apricot Cultivars Native to China

果梅是配子体自交不亲和树种,但在长期进化过程中也出现了自交亲和品种。以果梅典型的自交不亲和品种‘南高’和自交亲和品种‘甲州小梅’为对照,采用田间自交授粉试验对原产于中国的‘四川白梅’和‘长农17’两个果梅品种进行了自交亲和性鉴定,结果表明:其自花授粉坐果率分别为30.73%和16.27%,属于自交亲和品种。进一步通过AS-PCR分析发现花粉SFB基因存在一段插入序列,造成了分子水平的基因突变。推测该基因的突变使‘四川白梅’和‘长农17’SFB功能发生改变,从而自交亲和。

Japanese apricot（Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc）is a fruit crop with gametophytic self-incompatibility. Some self-compatible varieties appeared during long-term evolution. In this study,a typical self-incompatibility cultiva‘rNanko’and self-compatible cultiva‘rKoshinoume’of Japanese apricot were taken as controls. We identified the self-compatibility of two cultivars‘Sichuan Baimei’and ‘Changnong 17’native to China through field self-pollination test,the results demonstrated that the rate of fruiting set were 30.73% and 16.27%,respectively. Further analysis of AS-PCR showed that there were insertion mutation in pollen SFB genes of the two cultivars,which possibly resulted in self-compatibility of these two cultivars.