电磁脉冲对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞病理变化和凋亡的影响

The pathological changes and apoptosis of spleen lymphocytes in mice induced by electromagneticpulses

目的研究电磁脉冲（electromagneticpulse，EMP）对小鼠睥脏淋巴细胞病理变化和凋亡的影响。方法用场强为200kV／m的EMP，辐照雄性BALB／c小鼠，每天照射400次，连续照射7d，照后1、3、7、14、28d共5个时间点处死小鼠取脾脏，观察其病理改变；处死后称取小鼠的体重和脾脏的重量，计算脾脏指数；然后提取淋巴细胞进行计数；通过流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞的凋亡和周期；通过transwell实验观察淋巴细胞的趋化能力。结果照后1d脾脏的组织结构无明显改变；3d后，脾脏血窦扩张，充血明显，脾小体结构不清；脾脏指数呈现波浪状的趋势，在第1、14天，辐照组与对照组无明显差异，在第3、7天，辐照组的脾脏指数高于对照组，第28天辐照组的脾脏指数低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；淋巴细胞数的变化也呈现先增后减的趋势，在第1、14、28天，辐照组与对照组淋巴细胞数量无明显差异，在第3和7天，辐照组淋巴细胞数多于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；辐照组和对照组淋巴细胞凋亡数量和细胞周期的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；辐照组细胞的趋化能力与对照组相比明显增加，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论脾脏是EMP辐射的靶点之一。脾脏淋巴细胞数量的增加，可能是由于EMP改变了淋巴细胞的趋化迁移能力而导致的。

Objective To study the effects of electromagnetic pulses （EMP） on pati^ological changes and apoptosis of spleen lymphocytes in mice. Methods The male BALB/c mice （ 18~22 g） were sham-exposed or exposed to EMP at 200 kV/m for 400 pulses a day for 7 days. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th 28th days after exposure the mice were killed. The weight of mice, the pathological change and the weight of mouse spleenswere observed, the spleen indexes were calculated. The lymphocytes extracted from spleens were counted. The apoptosis and cell cycle of the lymphocyte were detected by flow cytometry, and the migration of the lymphocyte was measured by transwell assay. Results No pathological changes were found on the first day after exposure. However, the expanded sinusoid and the changed structure of spleen corpuscle on the 3rd day after exposure were observed. There was no difference of spleen indexes between the sham group and the exposure group on the 1st and 14th day after exposure. On the 3rd and 7th days after exposure, the spleen indexes of exposure groupwere significantly higher than those of sham-exposure group （P〈0.05）. On the 28th day after exposure, the spleen indexe of exposure group was significantly lower than those of sham-exposure group （P〈0.05）. The number of spleen lymphoeytes on the 3rd and 7th days after exposure in exposure group increased significantly, compared with sham-exposure group （P〈0.05）. But there were no differences of apoptotic cells and cellular cycle between the exposure group and sham-exposure group （P〉0.05）. The ability of migration of the exposure group was significantly higher than that of sham-exposure group （P〈O.05）. than the sham group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The spleen of the male mouse is one of the target organs of EMP. After exposure to EMP, the number of spleen lymphocytes increased. But there were no differences of cell apoptotic cells and cell cycle between the sham grouo and the exoosure group, due to the enhanced mieration of lvmnhacvtes induced bv EMP